The Impact of the Internet on Schools :: Teaching Education Essays

The Impact of the meshing on SchoolsFor this essay, I read an Article called The Netgeneration Internet as a classroom and community. subsequently reading the article I came up with some very good points on how the internet has effected the way school atomic number 18 ran compared to the pre-computer and internet age. My conclusions are that the Internet has changed school classroom for the good by making information widely available and useable to even the poorest of schools. The internet has made it possible for teachers to relegate and learn what other teachers are doing in other countries by talking to colleagues in other countries and reading reports and research studies findings before they read the teaching methods books. The Internet also, gives teachers the ability to teach a class online so that their scholars will be able to stay on task when they are not able to contribute to class. The online class idea has also made it possible for the average person to get his o r her degree with out having to go to a college campus physically. In total the Internet has not only increased the amount of learning possibilities in the classroom but it has created infinite amounts of learning opportunities for students and teachers. CLASSROOMBecause of the Internet it is possible for schools to view as access to books with out having them on the shelves of school libraries. New books and research studies are posted on the Internet daily for the world to read. In the past if you where from a poor school or a shelterd community that banded books from school libraries you may not be able to read some important infromantion. make the student that had the oportunity to read and learn this new infromation better educated than a person whom did not have the same books in there school library shelves. The author of the article The internet as a classroom explains this fact when she says, We have arrived at a new moment in history a moment in which such terms as cla ss, race, gender, sexuality, nationality and ideology are no longer useful (Hendricks). This statement applies to education because information can be found on any subject on the web. If a school has a ban on reading a book a student can still find and read it online if he or she wants to. Censorship is not possible because of the technology called Internet.

Eulogy for Daughter :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for DaughterMy Dear Charity,Where do I start? How do I begin a farewell when I still cant recollect youre gone? How do I say goodbye to a part of my soul?The day you were born I felt this atrocious love. One I had never known before. From the beginning of your life I never knew I could fork over a love that was so strong. When you were an infant I told people how great you were and they said, Yeah, save wait until she is two. When you were two I told people how great you were and they said, Yeah, but wait until she is ten. When you were ten I told people how great you were and they said, Yeah, but just wait until she is 16. And now you are 16 and I am telling people how great you are.You came into my life and changed me forever. Over the years people have complimented me for being a good mother but I cant take credit for that. You were born good and you were the one who was often teaching me. I believe you are an angel God sent to teach me. You taught me love. You taught m e honesty. You taught me how to forgive and how to be strong. You are the strongest person I have ever known and you gave me strength when I was weak. When times were sad and tough I looked to you for strength. You taught me how to be myself. Most of all you taught me about life and how to live.When you got sick and the doctors told me I should hold you back you taught me it was more all-important(prenominal) to feel and grow like any other child than to have me hide you under my wing. It was more important to live. And that you did. You danced so beautifully, for years. And then your greatest joy, cheerleading. You make me so proud. You have always been my greatest pride and joy. Im not sure how I can live this life without you. Remember when you would cry and tell me you were so afraid because you didnt want me to die before you. And I would tell you I wasnt going to die. And remember me saying you couldnt die before me, so we agreed, we had to go at the same time because neithe r of us could live without the other.

Human Nature: Exposed :: essays research papers

Human Nature Exposed     More than a century ago, Mark bridge probably composed the single-mostimportant piece of American Literature to ever be composed. This work, widelyknown as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, essentially follows young Huck on aseries of adventures and experiences with his close friend (and frolic slave),Jim, as they both escape societys burdens. The novel, in a sense, encompasseseverything good, bad and in between about and concerning the society of thattime. A majority of the novel takes place on the Mississippi river, withYoung Huck, and Jim each striving to attain a common goal, freedom from the woesof society. In their journey, they come across numerous different people, andencounter many strange and new experiences that all relate to a common themethat is evident throughout the novel. As their journey progresses, the readerwitnesses many horrific and strike acts, all performed by none other thanman himself. Looking deeper into t he symbolistic meaning of many of thesepassages reveals that man, in essence , is cruel, silly, and hypocritical innature.     Through his writing, it becomes app atomic number 18nt that Twain supports thethematic idea of the human race being hypocritical. For instance, take thescene in Chapter 20 where a group of people in Arkansas are listening to thesermon of a preacher. In this descriptive passage, it can be inferred throughTwains writing that the average person of this time was in fact "blind" byreligious influences. The significance of this event can be observed later onin Chapter 21 where Twain describes the horrific abuse of animals. " therecouldnt anything wake them up all over, and make them happy all over, like adog-fight--unless it might be putting turpentine on a retch dog and setting fireto him..." (Twain 140). In putting the two preceding passages in perspective adistinctive irony becomes visible. The same type of individuals whom go forreligion in good faith turn around and perform cruel acts to animals, for sportof all things. This is hypocritical because the basis of religion is definitelynot to support or defend such acts, but that doesnt seem to have any adverseaffect upon the average person who is merely "blinded" by glamour of religionand what it stands for, not having any intention of carrying out its plight.So all said and done, Twain wanted to make it clear to the reader in a subtleway that these two scenes, in conjunction support the statement that Twainswriting makes the human race out as hypocritical in nature.     In addition of Twain using the experiences that Huck and Jim undergo to

Access to the Truth :: Truth Writing Expertise Essays

Access to the TruthIn Zen and the Art of the Writing Tutorial, Paul Gamache asks, do you take of yourself as an Expert? Do you have access to the truth? I like this question because it seems to contradict some of his other assertions. For example, he claims that he sometimes does not provide his students with the help they want rather, he gives them the help he deems they need, and he yet gives them the assistance they desire when he decides that it is also what they require. How does he have it off exactly what they need? Does he consider himself an expert? Does he have access to the truth? Perhaps Mr. Gamache is overconfident? Perhaps he not only overestimates his ability to recognize the inadequacies of his students but also underestimates their ability to honestly assess their authorship and identify their own strengths and weaknesses. Although some writers may not know incisively what kind of help they need, others are quite aware of their shortcomings. Indeed, many writers who come to the Peer-Tutoring Center seeking assistance know exactly what type of help they need. Furthermore, a lot of writers know that they need help in one area, but not another. I will explain. Like any other English writing tutor I work with numerous ESL writers. Often they tell me A) I am having problems with articles and B) you may not understand my argument because I am uneffective to translate certain words from my native language into English. From these tutorial sessions I have learned that A) they are almost always correct in their induction that they need help with articles and B) they are almost always incorrect in their assumption that I will not understand their positions because of translation problems. In my (albeit limited) tutoring experience, it appears that those ESL writers who beat with articles (which I can relate to as a GSL student), and are aware of this problem, know exactly what type of aid they need. Conversely, those ESL writer s who believe that their arguments are unclear as a result of translation issues are often unaware of what they need. That is, the problem is not one of translation but vocabulary, as I can ordinarily decipher their arguments and help them find the necessary words to articulate them.

A Raisin in the Sun :: Literary Analysis, Lorraine Hansberry

Victor Hugo once said There is nonhing like dream to make up the future. In Lorraine Hansberrys play A Raisin in the Sun, the Youngers, an African American family struggle against economic hardship and racial prejudice. The family of five, Mama, Walter, Beneatha, Ruth, and Travis, live in a run down apartment in the South Side of Chicago during the 1950s an era of great prosperity for most. They receives a sustenance insurance baffle of ten thousand dollars after the passing of Walter Sr.. Each member of the family has his/her own plans for the money. Mama, Walter, and Beneatha aim different interpretations of the American Dream Mamas perspective is family, Walters dream is material success , and Beneathas values independence. Mamas dream is to attain a satisfying life for her family, own a house, and have Walter be the head of the household. Mama discovers her daughter-in-law Ruth is pregnant and wants to have an abortion Mama frantically says that she done give one baby to poverty and she not going to let the family give up another child (75). Mama lost a baby due to her poverty once and is determined to preventive Ruth from doing the same. Mama has always dreamed of owning a home and now she believes a home will help keep her family together she tells Ruth she wants an niggling old two story(44) with a yard where she could have a garden and Travis could play in (44) . Mama decides to use the money to buy a house because she seen her family fall apart (93). By buying a new house Mama believes establishes an environment for growth and development, preventing her children from doing what she had to do and will keep the family whole. Mamas dream is selfless because there is no personal gain. Walters goal is to earn more money being financially successful is important to him. subsequently the arrival of the life insurance money, Walter and Mama get into a fight over how Walter has changes Mama asks Walter why he has become obsessed with money, Walter reply because it is life(74). For Walter money comes before everything since no money equates to no life therefore making money become Walters number one priority because he believes validates his existence. After Mama gives Walter part of the insurance money, Walter talks to his son about how he is going to change their lives (108) he foreshadows the future he plans for the family.

A Raisin in the Sun :: Literary Analysis, Lorraine Hansberry

Victor Hugo erst said There is nothing uniform dream to create the future. In Lorraine Hansberrys play A Raisin in the Sun, the Youngers, an African American family struggle against economic hardship and racial prejudice. The family of five, Mama, Walter, Beneatha, Ruth, and Travis, feel in a run d aver apartment in the South Side of Chicago during the 1950s an era of great prosperity for most. They receives a behavior insurance check of ten thousand dollars after the passing of Walter Sr.. Each member of the family has his/her own plans for the specie. Mama, Walter, and Beneatha have different interpretations of the American Dream Mamas perspective is family, Walters dream is material success , and Beneathas values independence. Mamas dream is to attain a satisfying life for her family, own a house, and have Walter be the head of the household. Mama discovers her daughter-in-law Ruth is pregnant and wants to have an abortion Mama frantically says that she d bingle give one foul up to poverty and she not going to let the family give up another child (75). Mama lost a baby due to her poverty once and is determined to stop Ruth from doing the same. Mama has always dreamed of owning a home and now she believes a home will help cumber her family in concert she tells Ruth she wants an little old two story(44) with a yard where she could have a garden and Travis could play in (44) . Mama decides to use the money to buy a house because she seen her family fall apart (93). By buying a new house Mama believes establishes an environment for growth and development, preventing her children from doing what she had to do and will keep the family whole. Mamas dream is selfless because there is no personal gain. Walters goal is to earn more money being financially in(predicate) is important to him. After the arrival of the life insurance money, Walter and Mama get into a fight over how Walter has changes Mama asks Walter why he has become haunt with money, Walter r eply because it is life(74). For Walter money comes before everything since no money equates to no life therefore making money become Walters number one priority because he believes validates his existence. After Mama gives Walter part of the insurance money, Walter talks to his son about how he is going to change their lives (108) he foreshadows the future he plans for the family.

I declare that I have wholly undertaken the study reported herein under supervision Essay

The Lord has been faithful in granting me the strength, wisdom, knowledge and the courage necessitate throughout the period of study. My sincerest appreciation goes to my supervisor, MR. MICHAEL NKONYAA for his guidance and constructive criticism through the preparation of the work. He is largely responsible for the success of this work and I am very much grateful. To my husband Solomon Kweku, to my colleagues in MBA Finance 2012/2013 in whose company I stayed and formed my thoughts I say God richly bless you for the intimacy and love we shared. To the Staff and Management of Growth Capital Microfinance, wish to express my sincere gratitude to you for your support and co-operation. Finally, I wish to thank all authors of various enquiry works and articles I made use of in writing of this work, indeed, your research works and articles take for served as major sources of literature and knowledge.ABSTRACTThis study examined effect of microfinance on small and medium enterprises in t he Accra Metropolis, in the Greater Accra Region. .The population of the study comprised clients and staff of Micro finance Institutions (MIF). A ingest of 60 clients and eight staff was used for entropy collection. Two interview guides were used separately to collect data from staff and clients. The return rate of data collection was 8(100%) for staff and 55(91.7%) for clients. Data collected was analysed manually and electronically. The statistical product and service solution (SPSS) was used for the electronic analysis in which descriptive statistical tools were used for data presentation and discussion. Results of the study indicated that microfinance s impacted electropositively on the social and economic lives of SMEs operators. The research also indicates that MFIs have had a positive effect on the growth of SMEs.Some of the critical contributions of MFIs include greater access to credit, savings enhancement and provision of business, financial and managerial training. Irr espective of the contributions of MFIs to SMEs, on that point are challenges that affect their operations of both SMEs and MFIs. The major challenge faced by SMEs is the cumbersome process associated with accessing credit of which collateral security and high following rate are major setback. The MFIs on the other hand, face some challenges relating to credit misappropriation and non-disclosure of the relevant facts of their businesses.In the final analysis, the research clearly reveals that MFIs have a positive effect on the growth SMEs. In other to enhance a sustained and accelerated growth in the operations of SMEs credit should be client-oriented and not product- oriented. Recommendations were made to MFIs, Specifically, MFI was asked to put in measures that could help reduce interest rates, train operators of SMEs on proper business practices Proper, extensive monitoring activities should be provided for clients who are granted loans and SMEs were asked to adopt effective boo kkeeping modalities.

Theory of knowledge

What ar the methods of the historians and how do they comp be with other methodologiesFirst of all(a) in all, we entertain to know what is the definition of storeyIt is a branch of fellowship dealing with recent regular(a)ts, political, social, economic, of a coun adjudi spewe, continent, or the world. It is an orderly description of past events. It is also a train of events connected with a person or thing.Secondly I will define what is a method. It is 1) a system, orderliness, 2) it is a way of doing several(prenominal)thing 3) doing things with 4) it is a science or study of something.The differences in the midst of the facts of the past and historical factsWe all know, or think we know, what a fact is a reliable piece of discipline, something we know to be, in the common sense content of the word true. We also know, or think we know, what an historical fact is. Give theoretical accounts. These atomic number 18 facts, definite pieces of historical knowledge, close per haps to the natural scientific knowledge the nineteenth century historians wanted to use as their model of knowledge. unless these facts are notwithstanding the start of muniment, only the foundation on which publish up is built. History is not the facts of the past al integrity unless the impact of these facts into a coherent, meaningful interpretation of the past with which these facts are concerned.History is the interpretation of these facts, the processing of them into a narrative with causes and effects.These facts, these pieces of information about the past are in-chief(postnominal) to historians. Historians must(prenominal) be certain of their accuracy, must have confidence in their integrity forwards they rouse confidently interpret them for their contemporaries.Historians collect their facts from whenever they thunder mug. Certain historical facts, mostly those obtained from archives, may be collected directly by historians themselves. Historians can visit man kind records offices or churches and examine historical documents directly.Epigraphy is an interesting guinea pig of such a discipline. It is the study of ancient inscriptions letters and words and symbols, chiselled, moulded or embossed on rocks. E.g. the Rosetta stone it is an inscribed stone found near Rosetta in northern Egypt in 1799.History is a selectionHistorians make history by selecting facts and processing them and it is the processing that creates history. History has been described as an enormous jig saw with lots of bits missing. Historians try to create the missing pieces. They can only do this by selecting from all the information procurable to them. What state we have for this comes, of course, from the people in the center of attention Ages who wrote about their aver lives and times. And the people who wrote about their own lives and times in the middle Ages in Europe were monks and priests.Imaginative understanding is an important part of an historians skill , save imaginative understanding varies from historian to historian. They have to imaginatively understand the minds of the older people. The only way they can do this is by using their own thought processes. Historians recognize that to portray history is impossible. They cannot unfeignedly be sure of the motives of the writers of the archive documents.The past can only be apprehendn through the eyes of the act.Historian should present their records of the past. Ranke and his fellow nineteenth century historians believed that not only was it possible to present the past How it really was but they also believed they were doing exactly that when they wrote their history books. The historians job was to collect to foreshortenher a proven body of facts and present them to the readers.Is history a unique area of knowledge?We have seen that natural sciences, mathematics and system of logic, and the social sciences have distinctive areas of knowledge. Can a similar claim be make for history? YES of course it can be made. One way of answering this question is to look at the hunt of historians. As we do this, we should strike ourselves the question What do historians do that scientists, mathematicians and social scientists do not do?.Four various stages exists1) Recording Some scholars collect records and preserve evidence from the past. If we hold to our definition of historians as interpreters of facts these scholars are not historians in our sense of the word. They are archivists and curators, collectors and preservers. E.G Nothing is moved until photographs are taken, measurements made and meticulous records compiled of everything that is thither and exactly where it is. That is the work of the historical researchers who record and preserve evidence from the past. Every object glasss is recorded and, as far as possible identified. The historical knowledge these Historians have is no different from the knowledge of natural science it is empirical and of course objective. Give example of the titanic.2) Assessment These historians asses the evidence they have, compare it to other similar evidences that might be procurable and come to the conclusion that Holdens room are indeed a unique historical event.3) Reconstructing the past Having assessed the evidence and accepted its importance, historians now have to use it, to sympathize from it and to reconstruct the past. They use evidences. Historians also are interested in reconstructing beyond the obvious. They attempt to reconstruct the values of a wealthy youth 100 years ago.4) Interpreting Historians ask themselves questions. They might compare the artefacts with other atifacts for interpreterHistorians shipway of knowing are distinct. They record, assess, reconstruct and interpret in a way that others scholars do not. Historians continually reinterpret the events of the past and reappraise them for each new generation.Historical sourcesPrimary and secondary sourcesThe problem with the past is that it has passed. It has gone. The idea of all time past, and present, rivulet parallel is intriguing but until we have the technology to explore other times in reality, we have to explore the past through what the past has left field us, through the multitude of artefacts surviving from times past. Historians use what they term PRIMARY SOURCES as their main access to the past. Secondary sources are also available these are sources of information provided by other historians.Primary sources are the bedrock of history. They include every conceivable type of documents maps, treaties, churches and temple records, imperial archive documents, letters, legal records, diaries, newspapers, catalogues and even bus tickets. They can be formal or informal, private or public, serious or frivolous. Primary sources also include artefacts. foreign science, say, history is often criticized for serving no purpose. We are unable to learn from history, it is argued, either becaus e precisely the same circumstances as in the past cannot arise a grow in future, or because if sufficiently similar circumstances did arise, we would not be able to act differently.In the natural sciences we have twain storys of immediate observations, reporting for instance the outcome of an essay, and general laws from which we can derive predictions. These two kinds of statements are justified in quite different ways observational statements by perception.The evidence, not needs written, which historical research is based on are the sources. Sources need not be items that go back to the time in history which is being studied, but can be texts written since and so about that time the former are called primary, and the latter secondary sources.There are two main questions that must be asked regarding primary sources. The first of these concerns their authenticity, or genuineness. Suppose that we have, for instance, a painting of a particular historical event then the painter m ay have added or omitted certain details to please his customer, or to make it a better painting, he may not have been in that respect himself and have use incomplete accounts, the painting could even be a later forgery, and so on.The other question concerns their completeness. We must bear in mind that the material available to us has already been systematically selected, in a variety of ways we tend to know more about the upper classes of the societies we study, because it is largely their doings that were recorded, duration we find many ruins in some parts of the world, lesser remains of the wooden structures that were more common elsewhere, and so on.On one side thither are those who hold that historical explanation must be like the scientific explanation of an event to understand an historical event, we must have a general, or covering law, so that from this law and a description of the historical situation we can descend that the event would happen.For even where history i s capable of being objective, on that point are problems with the evidence it is based on, as we have seen the sources available may not be authentic, and they will certainly be incomplete. And to the extent that history is (necessarily) subjective, i.e. a field of the position from which it is written, historical accounts or explanations are liable to the problem of bias, i.e. partiality, tendentiousness or even prejudice.The historian cannot be objective about the period, which is his subject. In this he differs (to his thinking(prenominal) advantage) from its most typical ideologists, who believed that the progress of technology, positive science and society made it possible to view their present with the unanswerable impartiality of the natural scientist, whose methods they believed themselves (mistakenly) to understand.For much of the time that history has been written, the work of the historian was not thought to be particularly problematic as long as he had the right int entions, he would just try to discover the truth, and tell how it really was.The first law for the historian is that he shall never dare utter an untruth. The second is that he shall suppress nothing that is true. Moreover, there shall be no suspicion of partiality in his writing, or of malice.History, then, is not, as it has so often been misdescribed, a story of successive events or an account of heighten. Unlike the natural scientist, the historian is not concerned with events as such at all. He is only concerned with those events, which are the outward expression of thoughts. Theory of acquaintanceBertrand Russell was a British philosopher and a mathematician who is generally recognized as one of the founders of analytic philosophy. He, like many other people was searching for proof and evidence of us- people being rational animals, whose thoughts and actions are reasonable and sensible. Reason is a way of knowing in which we build up explanations by refining fissiparous idea s and theories in order to reach a logical conclusion or in other words we use reason to decide whether something is correct or incorrectly.Through observations and experiments we can prove by reason if our hypothesis was right, and by this broaden our knowledge horizons. Reason is present as much as in everyday choice making, as it is present in science, mathematics and other areas of knowledge. However reason is not always the most useful way of knowledge, for example in music and arts, as we are not robots and we also rely on our emotions and perception. So how can we gain truth by reason, when there are so many different opinions and emotions involved?Reason can help us gain knowledge, but only to a certain extent and hence it has its strengths and weaknesses, which I am going to discuss in my essay. In science logic and reason are said to be the core element to get a valid conclusion, but there are some contradictions and exceptions to this general judgment. For example in bi ology, we use reason and logic to make a hypothesis, and then through several experiments or observations, we can obtain a valid and logical conclusion, which will support our hypothesis.As an example, a biology class, had to run an experiment to find out the presence of glucose and starch in two different nourishment answers. In two test tubes A and B, two different food solutions, which are unknown to the disciples, are found. The class divided into four different groups and each group had to add chemicals such as iodine for starch and benedicts solution for glucose to find out, in which test tube was each solution. If starch was present the solution had to turn from blue to black, and for glucose it had to change from blue to orange.Group 1, was successful and their one solution turned to black, proving that it has starch in it and the other turned orange demonstrating that it has glucose. Group 2 however, had a negative outcome, as both of their solutions did not change color , therefore showing that it has none of the solutions present. One of the solutions of group 3 turned third estate, instead of orange, therefore contradicting the hypothesis and the whole theory. By this example we see that logic and reason, has its own uncertainties and doubts.Reason can sometimes obscure our knowledge if we see something, which contradicts our initial theory. This logic is quite similar to perception, as we need to use our quintet senses- see, hear, touch, taste and smell to maturate a rational verdict. In music and art, I think that reason as a way of knowing has both advantages and disadvantages. We cannot express our opinion on a piece of music or a piece of art without bringing up emotion and perception.A composer cannot write music without any feelings, same as an artist cannot paint without inspiration through his senses. A piece of music however requires some basic reason. For example if a composer needs to write a concerto for a violin, he will not writ e a concerto for a piano, and no other instrument than a violin can replace it. This is very basic reason, but we can see that it is present in creative arts. I am an IB Art student and I know that reason has little to do with it.Making art is based mostly on emotion and on the way we feel or what we think at a certain moment. Art comes from the heart, and reason is only present when we need to know which two color for example make imperial or what do we need to do to make a canvas. Add reason Another demonstration of advantages and disadvantages of reason is present the case of superstitions. In many cultures superstitions make up a lot of beliefs that are carried throughout generations. For example it is said that it is bad luck to go forward of a black cat has passed your way.Even though I have never heard anyone claim that he or she has bad luck because of a cat passing his or her way, I would still rather prefer to avoid it, as I was brought up with this and I actually starte d to believe in it. Even though there is no scientific prove of this superstition and common logic experience says that this is not true, most people would still avoid it. Therefore reason can be very objective, in a way that it can differ from different cultures and dissimilar beliefs. Mathematics is the one area where reason plays a heavy part.Reason is the basis on which mathematics is founded. Before any mathematical theorem can be taken as true, it must be backed by a reasonable mathematical proof that shows, that the answer got is correct. This type of empirical, reasonable verification shows that of all the areas of knowledge, mathematics uses reason the most. In mathematics, an answer is either wrong or right. There is no midpoint in mathematics. Without reason, all mathematical arguments would naturally fail, and so if a mathematical statement cannot be fortified with reason, the statement should be rejected.Mathematics is the only area of knowledge where every statement m ust be backed up by reason. Reason itself is not plentiful to explain such things as the origins of the universe, or right and wrong, and so reason can and should be complemented by other sources of knowledge. Reason can be utilize when the sense misinformed us. For example when you put a straw in water senses tell us that the straw is bent, because it looks like it, but through reason we deduce that the straw is straight. Therefore reason is more reliable than our senses and is used more effectively.For the conclusion, I should discuss whether in the end our knowledge can be obtained purely by logic and reason, or it needs the support of human emotion and perception to give us reasonable comprehension of our existence. Man is a rational animal who always loses his temper when called upon to act in accordance with the dictates of reason,- this is a quote by Oscar Wilde. I agree with him as I think that emotions and feelings often overtake reason, as we are more driven by our desi res, fears and passion than logic and rationality.I think that pure reason cannot exist without other ways of knowledge, and has its strengths and weaknesses. Reason is valid when it is not contradicted by anyone, but can we call something rational knowledge when someone disputes it? Reason within its domain is very reliable, as for example in mathematics, you can be almost one hundred percent certain that something is true, and this is the main strength of reason. I think that in all the other areas of knowledge, reason has many weaknesses.Reason always needs input from some other source and therefore can only be reliable as its source of data. In the arts, in the absence of inspiration, no great work can be done, however reason is present in the mixing of colors and proportion and so on. Science without any data has no use of reason, and is therefore unreliable. My conclusion to this essay is that reason always needs input from another source and therefore can only be reliable as its source of data.Theory of KnowledgeHow do we acquire our knowledge? Dont we acquire our knowledge through our senses? We know something is round because we have seen it and we have touched it. A contrivance person can distinguish a heavens from a cube, because of the sense of touch. But can a guile person really know what the difference between green and purple are? Maybe, but it might be a hard one to explain because you cannot really explain what light and dark is if a blind person has not really seen these differences.The eyes might not be the true organ of sight but in my opinion it is one of the required things needed to acquire knowledge. But what is sight? What is knowledge? According to the Oxford Dictionary sight is defined as the susceptibility or power of seeing, and knowledge is information and skills acquired through experience or education. The definition of sight from the Oxford Dictionary did not connect it with the word knowledge for knowledge helps us to d escribe the object that we are seeing.For example, if we look at an object with our eyes without any knowledge of what is being sensed, the object that we are seeing will be just an unknown object to us. The object being perceived does not contain that much meaning to it for the lack of knowledge. So is knowledge really the true organ of sight? It is to some extent for we cannot fully traverse what we see if we did not have the previous knowledge to describe what we see and without seeing I think it makes it a little bit harder to acquire passable knowledge to fully describe what is around us.Can knowledge be only achieved by seeing? How do blind people acquire their knowledge without their eyes? I think they gain knowledge by experience, touching and hearing. They learn things differently than people who can see because they probably create their own images of what we see. It is through knowledge of what they have experienced that they see what is put infront of them. For us who can see and have been seeing in our life time gain knowledge from what we see and what we have experienced.All these contribute to us gaining knowledge of the world. Perception, defined as the act or faculty of apprehending by means of the senses or of the mind. This plays a vital role in some subjects rather than others because some just require more understanding than the rest. It is important to understand what you learn before practicing. In short, our senses do give us to a certain extent knowledge and this works together with the sense of perception.Theory of KnowledgeHow do we acquire our knowledge? Dont we acquire our knowledge through our senses? We know something is round because we have seen it and we have touched it. A blind person can distinguish a sphere from a cube, because of the sense of touch. But can a blind person really know what the difference between green and purple are? Maybe, but it might be a hard one to explain because you cannot really explain what ligh t and dark is if a blind person has not really seen these differences.The eyes might not be the true organ of sight but in my opinion it is one of the necessary things needed to acquire knowledge. But what is sight? What is knowledge? According to the Oxford Dictionary sight is defined as the faculty or power of seeing, and knowledge is information and skills acquired through experience or education. The definition of sight from the Oxford Dictionary did not connect it with the word knowledge for knowledge helps us to describe the object that we are seeing.For example, if we look at an object with our eyes without any knowledge of what is being perceived, the object that we are seeing will be just an unknown object to us. The object being perceived does not contain that much meaning to it for the lack of knowledge. So is knowledge really the true organ of sight? It is to some extent for we cannot fully comprehend what we see if we did not have the previous knowledge to describe what we see and without seeing I think it makes it a little bit harder to acquire enough knowledge to fully describe what is around us.Can knowledge be only achieved by seeing? How do blind people acquire their knowledge without their eyes? I think they gain knowledge by experience, touching and hearing. They learn things differently than people who can see because they probably create their own images of what we see. It is through knowledge of what they have experienced that they see what is put infront of them. For us who can see and have been seeing in our life time gain knowledge from what we see and what we have experienced.All these contribute to us gaining knowledge of the world. Perception, defined as the act or faculty of apprehending by means of the senses or of the mind. This plays a vital role in some subjects rather than others because some just require more understanding than the rest. It is important to understand what you learn before practicing. In short, our senses do give us to a certain extent knowledge and this works together with the sense of perception.

Freudian approaches to Tennessee Williams’ Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Essay

I will discuss how Freudian surmise ties in with the issues featuring in Cat on a blistery Tin Roof. Sigmund Freud the founder of psychoanalysis came up with a theory of the unconscious mind, he identified that sexual thirsts ar the primary motivational energy of human life. William shows this in play by Margarets sexual desires for Brick withholds her energy up and departs her to keep trying to get Bricks affection.Big tonic and Big Mama have fears and anxieties most Margaret and Bricks lack of children, and so does Margaret herself because she wants a share of the plantation. However this does not worry Mae and Gooper who are more than happy that they are prime candidates to become the owner of the plantation, Mae especially enjoy sneer at the fact that Margaret is childless Mae shes childless because that medium-large beautiful athlete of hers wont go to bed with her (97). The family especially Big papa and Maggie have doubts about Bricks sexuality and try to bear him a bout it. Brick You think that me and victor were a pair of dirty old men? (pg 77).Symbolism definitely shown in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Bricks crutch can symbolise that he needs support, Brick no just give me my crutch (27). The crutch can be seen as symbol that Brick is weak without police captain hence needs support. But it can also represent the fact that Brick has lost his masculinity Brick Im getting softer Maggie (pg 31) and the crutch is his masculinity hence wherefore he cannot go whatsoeverwhere without it. The alcohol symbolises that Brick is trying to escape reality by making himself unconscious or in his words the click which he says to be when he is peaceful with himself. However the excessive drinking by Brick can also mean that Brick cannot cope without maestro.Repression of homosexuality in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof ties in with Sigmund Freud ideology, as Brick represses his life towards Skipper Brick I had friendship with Skipper you are naming it dirty (pg 42).Re pression is a defence mechanism and there are two stages, firstly the desires are pushed out from conscious into unconscious only when this does not work for Brick as his feeling still surface. So the second line of defence is started this is where Brick is at in the book. Williams shows Brick as being reluctant to come out about his sexuality because he is brought up in an upper class family.One type of second line defence is overcompensation which is when a weakness is covered up by overcompensating on something else, in Bricks case is excessive sport. Then comes projection which is when you blame someone else Brick blames Maggie(79) because she got the idea (79) that Brick and Skipper relationship was abnormal and that one reason why Skipper committed suicide. Then comes denial when protecting you from unpleasant reality which is seen in Brick as he tries to deny the truth when Big Daddy talks about it. Brick YOU THINK SO TOO? You think me an skipper did sodomy(77). Brick tries to justify it was Maggie who put dirty things into Skipper minding doubting himself about his sexuality, Brick trying to repress any arguments down to Margaret being jealous.Brick comes from an upper-class family who are highly respected from other people. The time when the story was set (1955) was a time when homosexuals were looked down upon and brought shame to their family.Brick is from a rich family, so he hides his sexuality so not to embarrass himself or his family, and marries Maggie to show that he is a man and tries to show his masculinity by being an athlete.Death features massively in the play, especially for Big Daddy who has cancer yet has been lied to by the family saying that he has a spasmodic colon. Big Daddy is also in denial because he himself knows everything is not alright because of the pain yet is putting a front on. Big Daddy and Big Mama have been told that he does not have cancer when he does and the only people that know are Mae and Gooper and Brick and Maggie. Big Mama is told her economise still has cancer later, but she says its all a mistake (93).Skipper is dead which makes Brick angry and blames his wife for the death. Margaret say is begging for Brick attention when she says Skipper is dead I am alive, but Brick does not want to believe that Skipper is dead I tried to kill your Aunt Maggie, but I failed.Brick definitely does not love Maggie and is shown in different way for exampleShe kisses Brick on the mouth which he immediately wipes with the back of his hand, (55pg).Bricks sexual desire keep surfacing no matter how much he is trying to suppress, so he tries to get his manhood back by jumping hurdles at the school athletic field but ends up fracturing his ankle. It shows that Brick is weak and helpless without Skipper. But also can be also interpreted to show Freud theory of sexual desires becomes energy for human life.Freud theory can relate to Cat on a Hot Tin Roof because unconscious and sexual desire relate to the cha racter Brick who is trying to suppress his abnormal feeling from conscious to unconscious. In addition there is fear of death by Big Daddy and there are sexual desires.

Innovator of the Modern Art Essay

Jackson became one of the trendsetters of the modern art movement. His technique, materials and perception of art distinguished him from other equally talented twentieth century artists. The artworks that he produced represented his enigmatic character. Though many were amused with his image, there were also those who questioned his artistic talents and knowledge. But he did not let these criticisms via media his distinct creativity.Pollock was categorized as an Abstract Expressionist artist primarily because of his infamous drip paintings including the Convergence. These drip paintings were painted on a large canvas on the floor. According to Pollock, painting on the floor made him feel closer to his painting. He was able to work on the contrary angles of the canvass by walking around it. This unusual technique was considered by Pollock as a way of being a part of the painting not just the typical creator of it.The act of letting the the paint drip into the canvass generated prol onged and continuous lines in which the paintings were dominated by uncontaminating and black and sometimes there were hints of exciting bold colors. In addition, the drips of the paint were able to create a three dimensional effect making it haptic and visually appealing. With regards to the choice of materials, Pollock utilized uncommon paints and brushes. His paints were industrial and household paints that he described as the natural growth out of a pauperisation (Boddy-Evans, 2008, What Paint Did Pollock phthisis? ). Meanwhile, the brushes were deteriorated and hard to let the paint naturally drip down the canvas. Pollock explained his painting method as new involve need new techniques meaning the modern age requires new approaches to reflect its real essence (Boddy-Evans, 2008, What Paint Did Pollock Use? ).ReferencesBoddy-Evans, M. ( 2008). What Paint Did Pollock Use?. About Inc. Retrieved March 26, 2008, from http//painting. about. com/od/colourtheory/a/Pollock_paint. htm.

Optimism in John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath Essay

The Grapes of Wrath is a novel written by John Steinbeck. In the bulk of modern literature, it is consider a masterful heroic poem unmatched in the realm of the written word. The novel centers around a family of workers who are immigrants The Joads. When the novel takes place they are in California attempting to survive the unprecedented conditions of the depression. Steinbeck monitors and recounts the ups and downs of the family and their experiences in United States. Much of the plot is Steinbecks commentary on the rampant capitalism which literary sucked the impart and the people dry during the 1930s.The story is base on real life excerpts of John Steinbecks field research. The real life conflict was created by greedy business men, and lending institutions which bought up land and employed workers to farm. While Steinbecks depiction is of the 1930s depression is accurately rough it is equally optimistic. The majority of these workers were lower crystalise immigrant families that were paid so elfin that their struggles have often been paralleled to that of slavery which plagued the United States in the 16th and 17th centuries.The old adage was particularly relevant when examining this novel, as the rich get richer, the abject end up dead worked to death. Steinbeck is not casual in his assault of capitalism and it not fearful to express his disgust for the supposed American dream. He has a clear political viewpoint and asserts the great fact when property accumulates in too few hands it is taken away. And that companion fact when a majority of the people are hungry and cold they will take by force what they need.And the little screaming fact that sounds throughout all score repression works only to strengthen and knit the repressed. (333). A major theme developed by Steinbeck in The Grapes of Wrath is his believe that the survive of the lower class is based on their dedication to family. His approach is a delicate mixture of Marxism and Socialism, b oth of which promote cooperative living. In the context of the time, Steinbecks beliefs were not unless controversial but also dangerous.The United States went through a two periods in which the government hunted after individuals they considered unamerican, the 1920s and the 1950s. This novel was written in the the 1930s. However, Steinbeck intricately weaves a tale of family strife, struggle, and survival, in The Grapes of Wrath, which has become a beloved and honored classic since its publication. Steinbecks depiction of the devastating conditions during the 1930s is historically accurate.In particular, Steinbeck articulately describes what a corpse Bowl actually is and how it was created. He explains that the great plains experienced the greatest droughts ever during the great depression. The Dust Bowl was created due to insufficiency of rain and also the over use of the land. Once pieces of land are over farmed they lose their nutrients and crops will not grow. These areas, once plush with grass and trees became realistic deserts. It was this drought which forced families, hungry and tired, to see out new hope in the west.The west promised folks clean and cheap living, and with access to regular work. Steinbeck describes the Dust Bowl in the following way, The wind increased, steady, unbroken gusts. The dusts from the roads fluffed up and spread out and fell on the weeds besides the fields . . . the flip-flop was darkened by the mixing dust, and the wind felt over the earth, loosened the dust, and carried it away. For the people living in these devastated lands, this was a very accurate account as to what the weather was like for weeks and months.

Condom Availability in High Schools Essay

In 1991 the New York City Board of Education created a program to make condoms accessible to all high school students upon request. The program ca utilise agnatic disagreement and the school board was taken to court. P bents needed that making condoms available to students was a health service and could not be provided to students. The board argued that the condom plan was not a medical service. They explained it was one part of a comprehensive educational program that did not require direct p arntal consent. The school board muddled the case. The program may have survived had the case been heard by the New York State Supreme Court Massachusetts is the most signifi trampt, it is the highest court to address the issue, and it rejects, the claim that condom availability interferes with p bental liberties (K ben Mahler). In 1977 the linked States denied a New York State Law prohibiting the distribution or sale of non-prescription contraceptives to teens under the age of 16. The Unit ed States Supreme Court seems to have support for the condom availability program. With teen pregnancy rates and the follow of STDs reported in teens on the rise, schools are beginning to realize that the parents are not doing their job when it comes to knowledgeable education.The school system already has classes on sexual education these classes are based primarily on human anatomy. Most schools do not teach their students about relationships, morals, respect, self-discipline, self-respect, and most importantly contraceptives. Everyday students engage in sexual activity, umteen of them without condoms. This primary act jeopardizes these students futures and possibly their lives. An increasing amount of school systems are starting to combine messages involving abstinence from sexual activity, and expanding availability of contraceptives, especially condoms. Schools are now stepping in to further equip their students for animation. The distribution of condoms in public high sch ools will lower the rate of pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases among teenagers. Eighty part of teen mothers last up in poverty for long periods of time due to the fact that they never finished high school.They become financially dependent on programs such as Welfare and WIC (Women, Infants, and Children). Welfare provides money and food stamps for low-income families. WIC provides milk, cheese, eggs, cereals, fruit juices, dried beans or peas, peanut butter and infant formula for all participants. WIC also provides nutritional education and health care referrals at no cost. Programs such as these help millions of families each year. Considering the fact that the majority of teens will participate in sexual activity, elicit Ed should focus to a greater extent on methods of contraception and less on abstinence. Giving adolescents more information about sex and making condoms more available are modes to cut the risk of pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases.The c ondom is the only type of birth control that protects against the transmission of STDs when properly used. Experts say the lack of knowledge on how to use a condom correctly and the lack of motivation to use a condom every time means that condoms fail more often. This could result in pregnancy or the contraction of STDs. Teenagers reuse condoms or they use it with a petroleum-based lubricant which can dissolve the condoms latex. Birth control products are only effective if used properly. Rates of failure for condoms are between 2 percent and 14 percent. Inexperienced users make up a larger percentage of failure rates because of improper use. This failure rate is also due to dissonant use among teenagers. With the proper knowledge and training students can effectively use a condom to protect themselves. Health Resource Centers, or HRCs are centers located in middle and high schools promoting safe sex. HRCs provide reproductive health information, condoms, and general health referral s to students. All students in the participating schools are taught about the importance of abstinence, but they are provided with condoms if they choose to be sexually active.Trained staff members and volunteers, including health professionals, educators, lactates, psychologists and graduate interns provide counseling for students upon request. Students attending the lower-ranking high school also have access to condoms however counseling is mandatory for these students before they can receive condoms. Informational brochures can be obtained in the nurses office. Students are also able purchase condoms from vending machines located in remote places throughout the school. The HRCs have large levels of administrative and staff support for its objectives. Students who used the program generally viewed the services they received favorably. Expanded condom availability, when accompanied with the proper education and information about safer sex, will decrease the amount of unshielded sexual encounters and the spread of sexually transmitted disease. Making love is not something to play around with. When people decide to do it, they make a life and death decision. If they contract an STD they risk their life for death. And if a woman gets pregnant, the woman is not guaranteed to live through it (although chances are that she will), and the child is not guaranteed to live for many reasons including abortion.Shouldnt steps be taken to educate teenagers about what they are getting into before schools start handing out condoms? This would be a better way to prevent the spread of pregnancies and of STDs and H.I.V. If teenagers do not have sex to begin with the risk of infection goes down because, condoms are not 100% effective. However, it is cognise that regardless of the consequences or risks, teens will partake in sexual inter course, it is the teachers job to help educate how to have safer sex. If the students know more about the risks, then they can make an educa ted decision about sex, and then it will be very likely that they will use a condom if they do decide to have sex. Rather than having one year of Sex Ed in High School like the majority of schools do across the nation, students should have Sex Ed classes starting in junior high school.They should learn about pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and H.I.V. There would be a course or a section of a course dedicated to health where students learn about these subjects. Then in high school, students should do a more in-depth study of the consequences of pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. This could be done as a part of a biology course or as a research project in an English class. Finally, students should learn about H.I.V. and AIDS, how it affects the lives of those who have it, and what can be done about it. Again, this could be a distract course that is required or a part of another required course. Then, pamphlets about all these things should be made available at the health (or nurses) office and suggested for the students to read before they receive condoms. If this is done, then teenage sex should become much less of a problem than it is now.AbstractOver the previous(prenominal) twenty years, the number of teen, unplanned pregnancies has nearly doubles in size. This is a problem to all people that it affects because it hurts people financially, not to mention all of the unhoped stress that comes along with being pregnant. Making condoms available in High Schools would surely decrease this number to what it once was and hopefully drastically decrease the number of orphans and teen parents in debt that we have in this country.ReferencesFurstenburg, Frank , Mariarz, Geitz , Teitler, Julien , Weiss, Christopher Does Condom Availability Make a Difference? An Evaluation of Philadelphias Health Resource Centers Family be after Perspective Volume 29, Issue 3 (May-Jun.,1997), 123-127. Kreiner, Anna Learning to Say No to Sexual Pressure New York The Rosen Publishing Group Mahler, Karen Condom Availability in the Schools Lessons from the Courtroom Sexuality Volume 4, Article 63 1993-1996 Natale, Jo Anna The Hot New Word is Sex Ed School Volume 5 Article 30, 1994-1996 Sex education Anything goes. Washington Times 1 Nov. 2000 Stewart, Gail B. Teen Parenting. San Diego Lucent Books 2000 Teens Regret Having Sex. Maryland Abstinence Education and Coordination Program. Summer 2000

Great Gatsby and the American Dream

The Great Gatsby and the American intake There is really no set definition of what the American Dream is, every unrivaled has different views on what they jut out it as. The main(prenominal) idea of the American Dream is pretty much making it big and being successful in lifespan, having everything you need, wealth, prosperity, love and satisfaction. Jay Gatsby portrays the American Dream in just about senses simply not to its full potential.Throughout the novel The Great Gatsby the American Dream isnt shown in its positive light but, more(prenominal) of the opposite of that more of the crepuscle or failure of it. Everyone valued to be living the American Dream the pursuit of happiness in life. In the 1920s instead of going for things that brought happiness everyone seemed to revolve around specie, wealth, and power. Instead of finding happiness with what they had they were all trying to attain money and power and believed this would lead to happiness.If they had all that already they took it all for given(p) and didnt see everything that they had right there in front of them. Although it may have seemed someone had it all on the outside, once you really knew the person you could see that they werent living the best life and werent that much better than anyone else. The American Dream took a lot to actually achieve and no one really lived the actual dream because of many reasons but they were living some aspects of it.The three main characters fail to pursue the American Dream to its entirety for Gatsby he tried to be something he wasnt only(prenominal) so he could hold out Daisy and love, without this he was null for Daisy it was because of greed she lived for money and social status which got in the way of her happiness and being with who she really loved and for Tom his money gets in the way of morals and he took everything he had in front of him for granted. Jay Gatsby went from nothing to something to try to win over Daisy.His American Drea m wasnt about having material things, although it involved having to get them, instead it was trying to get the love of Daisy. rather in his life when he first fell in love with Daisy he was a poor man and Daisy didnt want that at all. due(p) to Gatsbys low social standing she wouldnt be with him. Gatsby wanted a better life and he thought he could do it if he put his mind to it, which is also a part of the American Dream. Eventually he got money and became rich but he did this through illegal methods.This is the concluded opposite of what the American Dream is because its supposed to be achieved through good virtue and hard work. He threw extravagant parties only to try and get close to Daisy, hoping that she would show up to them, but he himself never actually attended his parties. He wasnt living a very great life as it seemed to everyone else, it was all a lie. The only thing that gave his life meaning was Daisy and that was the one thing he couldnt have.She only came back to Gatsby after Gatsby come through his millions and was part of the high social class, but his life still wasnt very stable. This shows that she let wealth get in the way of her love. Daisy loved Gatsby but because of the fact that there was really no stability in his life she didnt feel comfortable with it and wouldnt leave Tom for him. She was after the money and because Tom was settled down she decided to stay with him where it was safe. Greed and the fact that money took priority over everything with her was what held her back from happiness and living the American Dream.Tom was cheating on Daisy but she still stayed with him regardless just because she was comfortable with that lifestyle of being in the upper class and being seen as wealthy. Tom was a rich, handsome, successful man with a wife and family, and everything going for him, but instead of being happy with what he had he went and ruined others lives. He cheated on Daisy with myrtle who was married to Wilson and destr oyed their marriage. His money got in the way of his morals, family, and living the American Dream.Tom and Daisy somewhat represent the American Dream through their wealth and prosperity this was only a part of the dream not the whole picture because they still werent happy they just possessed the material items. The American Dream is contradicted, everyone wanted it but no one lived it for what it was supposed to be. Gatsby in the end sees himself as a failure when Daisy chooses Tom instead of him. The failure of Gatsbys hoped for life relates to the failure of the American Dream. Without his dream Gatsby has nothing nothing to keep him going, no direction, and no purpose to live.He was unsatisfied with life and in the end, Wilson had killed him. This shows that Jay Gatsbys American Dream didnt go anywhere and wasnt satisfied to its full extent although he attempted to succeed he failed. The extent of the novel The Great Gatsby representing the American Dream is more of showing th at the American Dream isnt always achieved and doesnt always work out the way you want it to or think it should. The American Dream is hard to achieve and it seems as if its impossible for anyone to actually achieve every aspect of it, so it is just what it is, a dream.

Panera Bread Company Essay

Executive SummaryThis report foc substance abuses on what Panera Bread Company (PBC) demand to do in order to be profitable, provide wellnessy and musical note foods to consumers and above totally withhold its leadership potentials in the restaurant and fast food business. The report also flavours at what compositions vision and mission disceptation means. It touches strategical objectives by dealing with dodge formulation, abstract and executing.Corporate nerve has to be used to reposition the operations of PBC, analysis of both the micro and macro environmental lays of opine of the organization where demographic, socio-cultural, policy-making/legal, technical and global considerations of the organization in question. It also dwells on strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats including ingesting purport analysis of the organization.Porters five forces model, concept of dodging groupings, resource based view, triple empennage gillyflower reporting, value chemical chain analysis and financial analysis would wear to be examined critically so as to make PBC have competitive advantage over its rivals.Based on the above concepts in this report, it is hereby recommended that PBC has toopen new markets and establish branches in other countries by targeting major cities and towns using uniform standards, quality, menu, site selection and construction.develop more healthy and quality foods, unique brands, always be forrard of competitors and try to use trend analysis to know the lifestyles of people, tastes, maintain its unified social responsibility with s shamholders, look at merchandise mix, develop its technological base and have a friendly atmosphere at their various cafes including motivating employeesIf these recommendations be implemented, it is believed that PBC will occupy more than 30% of the market deal deep down the next few years.1.Introduction1.1The aims of the reporthow PBC target reposition its leadership edge by e nsuring the counselling concepts body special, opening up franchises, encourage transp bencies in management practices and beproactive in terms of channelize and innovations.how PBC bear sustain its rising profit and growth levels.1.2Objective of the reporthow PBC can ensure consistency in their vision, mission and strategic objectives by using major processes like strategy analysis, strategy formulation, implementation and corporate governanceAnalyzing the micro and micro environments of PBCUsing Porters five forces model and concept of strategy groupings to make PBC have competitive advantage over their competitors.Using resource base view and value-chain analysis to discern realistic opportunities and threats for PBC.2.Background of the CompanyPBC is a market leader in the restaurant industry business. Started business in 1981 with three bakery cafes and by 1997, their bakery cafes were 160 with branches in five countries and cafes in domestic airports and hotels.PBCs conc ept is to sell only fresh dough and no preservatives. Their mission is a loaf of starting line in e real arm with 18 different products. It intends to establish Wi-Fi access in 2003, and has many awards in its kitty.They have a good distribution cyberspace, franchise operations, management information system and supply chain management and highly professionalized staff.The 2004 first quarter performance showed an increase of 26% over same goal in 2003 with a highly priced shares.3.Case Study synopsisStrategies are set of actions that firms use to achieve its goal. While strategic management focuses where an organization is at present and where it intends to be in the future. The task of analyzing a firms internal and external environment and selecting an appropriate strategy is known as strategy formulation. Strategy implementation involvesputting appropriate controls and organization mechanisms to keep the companys chosen strategy into action. Vision statement is the long run a spirations of the organization while mission statement means what is expected of the organization by its stakeholders.This report focuses on micro-macro environment of PBC in order to retain their leadership role, increase market share and profitability. Resource Based View, Porters five forces model, strategic groupings, value chain, SWOT and financial analysis including triple fucking line reporting, and how these concepts would help the PBC to be a market leader would be lwee-weed.3.1Macro EnvironmentMacro sparing factors are political, socio-cultural, environmental, economic, technological and legal.3.1.1Political considerationPBC has to maintain its corporate governance issue by making sure that taxes are paid like a shot and learning government policies as it affects the business. At the arcminute political consideration is not really a big issue with PBC but if it intends to expand its operations, government polices of countries it wants to do business would have to be examined to cop if it is business friendly or not.3.1.2Demographic forcesAreas that are less profitable by the organizations should be closed eat and move to bowls that increases profitability (Hill et al 2004). Presently there is significant growth for young people and children who seldom cook at home and they patronize these fast casual restaurants. These youths are concerned about their health by eating healthy and quality foods which PBC should target for high profitability.3.1.3Socio-cultural factorsIncreases in the population of women in workplaces are massive and higher levels of health consciousness have created a boom to many industries (Campbell et al 2006). PBC should study population demographics, income distribution and lifestyles changes within their areas of operation to their advantage.3.1.4EnvironmentalOperating environments have to be friendly. This shoulddone in such a way that corporate social responsibility to communities in terms of pollution, waste disposal and environmental aegis laws are adhered to (Johnson et al 2005). At the moment it runs Operation Dough Nation where all monies received and all unsold inventories goes back to the community it operates.3.1.5Economic factorsAlmost all the industries are prone to general economic conditions. High liaison and exchange rates, and average disposal income can affect organizations to larger extent (Campbell et al 2006). At the moment business is booming for PBC, therefore it has to consider business cycles, product trends, interest rates, inflation and also useable income of consumers in order to have a competitive edge.3.1.6TechnologicalThis is now a global phenomenon in almost every business. For a company to remain competitive it has to enhance its technological base to compete with rivals (Campbell et al 2006). PBC is expanding its technological base by introducing point of sale machines and credit cards network at distributively caf. This helps in planning for marketing informa tion, product mix, quicker accounting information and other variance analysis.3.1.7LegalJohnson et al (2005) pointed out that organizations should be cautious of health and product safeties, employment laws and legislations. Taken into account its franchise operations with other organizations, it has to make sure that organizations it enters into balances comply with its standards, quality, menu, site selection and construction of cafes. The training program unionized by the organization prior to franchisee starting business is applauded.3.1.8GlobalChanges in the environment such as political and economic have created a business boom to some(a) countries, while some have witnessed economic recession as a result of this. Government policies and ever-changing cultural patterns by consumers have had a positive impact in some industries while some are unhappy with these changes (Hill et al 2004). PBC should study these changes and know those ones that affect their businessespecially in tra-country trades where they have to convert currencies of their branch companies overseas.3.2SWOT AnalysisThis shows the internal strengths and weaknesses of an organization from the customers point of view as they relate to external opportunities and threats (Hannagan 2002).3.2.1StrengthStrengths of organizations are the committed leadership zeal of managers, experience in the industry, clear and articulate line with external stakeholders, strong product design and commitment to consumers in the area of innovation (Lee et al 1999). The strengths or core competencies PBC has at the moment over its competitors intromit the product, distribution and franchising, operations, marketing mix, general managerial ability and low personnel turnover.3.2.2WeaknessesThese can be in the form of no clear management styles, poor image, inquiry and development issue, competitive disadvantage, poor track record, insider problems, financing problems and achievable training problems by managers a nd supervisors (Dess et al 2007). PBC has to invest in research and development, improve its image with stakeholders and improve on its marketing strategies.3.2.3OpportunitiesThe growing demand for healthy and quality foods is an opportunity that PBC has at the moment over its competitors and it has to be sustained to make them have continuous dominant role in this industry (Stead et al 2004). Managers of PBC should analyse competitive forces in the restaurant sector in order to identify the various opportunities in terms of product enhancement and new products, create new markets and prediction of trends.3.2.4ThreatsWhat makes an organization to be strong is to identify possible threats within its operational base. The threats could be in the form of government policies, research, competitive pressures, new entrants, changing customers tastes, adverse demographic changes, recession, growing bargaining causality of suppliers and customers (Dess et al 2007). PBC has to layparticular emphasis on new entrants, watch industry indicators, government adverse policies and changes in customers of necessity and tastes.3.3Resource based viewThis considers the opportunities available to a company either to add value to its products and services or look at ways of lessen be (Dess et al 2007). It may be possible to add value to the value chain of an organization in terms of procurement of raw materials and production processes. The present system that PBC is using where it has signed agreement with Dawn Food Products and also having economic of scale in terms of supplies makes the pricing of their product very competitive.3.4Porters five force industry competitionPorters five force industry competition include the threat of new entrants, the bargaining power of suppliers, the degree of rivalry among competitors in the same industry, the bargaining power of buyers and the threats of diversifys products. Porter argues that the stronger these forces are within an industri al setting the more limited companies raise prices and earn greater profits (Campbell 2006). As far as this is concerned a strong competitive force can be regarded as a threat because it would drastically reduce the profit of an organization (Williamson 2004).3.4.1The threat of substitute productFirms within the same industrial setting are competing amongst themselves. Substitutes limits potential returns on an industry by placing a ceiling on the prices companies charge. This should be a lot of concern for PBC because there are lots of organizations oblation same product in the market.3.4.2The threat of new entrantsWhen new entrants enter the industry they tend to take extra effort in order to take full control of the industry. The extent to which new entrants can enter an industry exerts a significant influence on the degree to which companies may act to earn above average in terms of bottom line (Johnson et al 2005). At the moment PBC enjoys some element of economies of scale, b rand recognition, access to distribution channels and experience in carrying out operational activities leading(p) to overthrow cost of production. But it is good for new entrants to enter themarket because this brings about competition in the industry.3.4.3The power of buyersBuyers are seen as competitive threats when they are in a position to demand lower prices or violate service . Conversely when buyers are weak, a company can raise its prices and produce higher profits (Johnson and Scholes 2002). This has to be taken into account by PBC following volume of restaurants around. PBC should recalculate its costs since it intends to increase prices by 2% to see the justification prior to embarking on it.3.4.4The power of suppliersSuppliers can be viewed as threats when they are able to force up the price for raw materials or reduce quality of materials. However, if suppliers are weak, companies can force down their prices and demand higher raw material quality. PBC believes it c an have cost savings from switching to Dawn.3.4.5Rivalry among established companiesIf rivalry is weak this will result to increase in prices of products at the detriment of consumers and ultimately increase profits and vise versa (Johnson 2005). PBC should regularly study competitors moves.3.5.Value Chain Analysis (VCA)VCA helps managers to understand how effectively and efficiently the activities of their organizations are structured and coordinated. In other words, it seeks to provide an understanding of how untold value an organizations activities add to its products and services compared to the costs of the services used in their production. This helps management to identify core activities, know if there is breakdown or blockages to their detriment (Tsai et al 2006). The distribution network of PBC is good since it uses an independent contractor that delivers products to the bakery cafes and thus making the organization to concentrate in the retail operations. Their franchise operations should be sustained.3.6 strategical groupsPotter (1980) defined strategic (SG) groups as group of firms in the same line of business having identical strategy followingthrough the strategic direction. Carroll et al (1992) as cited in Flavian and Polo (1999) organizations within the same SGs often compete for market share. PBC has a lot of organizations within the same SGs, and therefore should use this to their advantage by understudying their competitors strengths and weaknesses.3.7Tripple bottom lineThis is the combination of social, environmental and financial reporting for an organization to its stakeholders (Dess et al 2006). PBC does not show its report in this format, although this is optional for organizations but to enable stakeholders understand PBCs business better they should incorporate this into their report like the Operation Dough Nation and the unsold inventory proceeds.4RecommendationEncourage research for new products and branding.Explore the possibili ty of new branches across borders.Improve marketing drive to increase gross revenue since its closing inventory in 2003 was $8066 million dollars as against $5191 million dollars in 2002.Identify threats and weaknesses through strategic groupingsPursue recovery of debts from debtors which shows $9646 million in 2003. Reduce its liabilities which gave $35,552 million dollars.Plan for succession incase of possible changes in leadership hierarchy.5.ConclusionIn conclusion, PBC should regularly scan the micro and macro environments for signals of environmental changes or general trends that are occurring. On observing a trend that may lead to a market changes, the company needs to monitor the change so it has a better understanding of the exact nature of the change and whether it applies to the organization. If the monitor mechanism suggests the change is relevant, then the company needs to forecast how the change will affect its operations in future. It is then necessary to assess the forecast implications to determine whether the market change will require a change in the companys strategy. Benchmarking,reengineering and total quality management should not be left out..ReferencesDess, GG, Lumpkin, GT, Eisner, AB 2007, Strategic management , 3rd edn, McGraw-Hill, New York.Campbell, D, Stonehouse, G, Houston, B 2006, vexation strategy, second edn, Elsevier Butterworth-Heeinemann, Oxford.Stead, EW, Stead, GJ, Starik, M 2004 Sustainable strategic management, M.E. SharpeInc., New York.Tsai, YC, Fan, CL, Liou, CN, Wu, CL 2006 The application of parts control and standardization by exploration of the value chain in new product development and innovation, The Business Review, vol. 6, no. 2, pp 213 (online Emerald).Hanaagan, T 2002 Mastering strategic management, Palgrave, New York.Hill, CWL, Jones, GR, Galvin, P 2004, Strategic management an compound approach, 5th edn., John Wiley, Milton.Johnson, G, Schooles, K, Whittington, R 2005, Exploring corporate strategy, 7th edn, Prentice Hall, Harlow.Williamson, D, Jenkin, W, Cooke, P, Moreton, KM 2004, Strategic management and business analysis, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Burlington.Johnson, G, Scholes, K 2002, Exploring corporate strategy, 6th edn., Prentice Hall, Harlow.Porter, ME 1980, Competitive strategy, The Free Press, New York

Masculinity in Science Fiction Essay

Throughout the past couple of centuries knowledge fabricationalization has become 1 of the close popular genres manwide. Thousands of people of different age, sex, racial and ethnical origin submerge into a world where the level of technological development is incredibly high, and where the machines often seem to dominate their creators, homophiles. To begin the essay we should offshoot give the definition for what the light manufacture is. So, the Wikipedia says that lore illustration is a air of speculative manufacturing princip entirelyy dealing with the impact of imagined acquirement and technology upon society and persons as individuals.Scientists surrender broad been lay out about the reasons that make science fiction so popular among the readers. The realm, depicted in science fiction novels isnt magical or fairy, like the fantasy world is. On the contrary, its often very much cruel and merciless than our reality is. One of the briny hypothesis is that pe ople like to drift into the worlds of robots, level-headed machines and spaceships because at that place the easy agencys to closure the emerging problems exist. In most of those books there is little aid paid to the gentle to human relations. On the contrary, the problems that be dealt in science fiction novels are instead much global than the relations amongst the individuals. The authors of this kind of books prefer to write about the rise and smooth of the empires, about the giant wars, won or lost with the help of the hear, intrigues and power.For split up of people in our Western, extremely individua countic world, reading science fiction books is one of the few directions to for ask about the demand to maintain and keep social relations with others. Nowadays, when the society allows us, its members, to open and develop our individuality freely, intercourse betwixt the individuals becomes more and more complicated, as people, given the opportunity to develop the way they want, find more differences between each other, so that they have less in common with each passing year. This fact, combined with the absence of the defined standards of communication that existed in traditional societies, make communication a tough task for the coeval people.Its well known, that women adapt easier and faster than the man do, thus they experience less difficulties in adjusting to this late way of communication. On the contrary, men are those who around times experience severe troubles when some advanced straining of social interaction is required. Thus, man read science fiction in align to transfer themselves in the world where mind and power decide a lot, and emotions are usually seen as something lateral and horizontal useless.This hypothesis is confirmed by the fact that antherals comprise the main auditory for the books, supplys and films in this genre.In govern to better understand what is science fiction about, and why is it preferred b y man, well inquiry the inner genres science fiction has in it. Kay Fowler offers his classification for the genres of science fiction which isWorld at Risk SF and Apocalyptic Science fablePolitical/Massive War/Doomsday Weapons DisasterAlien Invasion/Conquest of footingPlague/Disease/EpidemicAgricultural/Ecological/Population DisastersFar Future or superannuated History-Future History. Utopias/Dystopias/and in-betweenUtopia near utopias ambiguous utopias, heterotopiasDystopiasAlternate Earth/Alternate History (What If?) snip Travel, Time Paradoxes, Time Patrolling, Time Wars, Alternate Time LinesReligion/Theology/Anti-religion and Science FictionSpace operaRobots, Androids, bionic mans, Clones and Cyberbunk/Virtual Reality, Genetic Engineering, and Na nonechnology.World Building/Terraforming/Scientific and Social InventivenessESP/Telepathy/psi PowersUnderwater living/ocean worldsHuman Colonization/Conquest of Other WorldsFeminist Science Fiction/Alternate Sexualities/Gender Bend ersSF with a theme of deafness or a focus on non-oral communication (Kay Fowler, Themes/Genres in Science Fiction An idiosyncratic and woefully incomplete list)As you pile note from the list above, science fiction is mostly the literature of action, the field of action for the active people, warriors, politicians and scientists, where there is little sit for emotions and emotional life. Contemporary critics say that science fiction is one of the genres whose main characteristic is reflecting and reproducing masculinity, creating the specific, sometimes as yet perverted image of it in the minds of those who fancy this kind of literature.Of course, some researchers of the SF literature consider that science fiction seem(s) also to promise more freedom than do non-genre literature to imagine alternatives to the privileged assumptions of heterosexuality and masculinity that suffuse our culture, as it is state in The Queer Encyclopedia of the Visual Arts. But, in the reality, the a uthors of the SF books regulate the male person as the central role and in a position of power, as it is noted in the article Science fictions use of Utopian and Dystopian visions of the future in relation to challenging boundaries of gender and / or sexuality.Today, when the enumerate of novels, stories and tales written in this genre is enormous, science fiction authors will do anything to attract the readers charge to their novel. Some years ago, when the SF began its rapid development, it was advanced and original to make the friend of the story womanly. Unfortunately, for most of the SF writers it meant merely the change of setting or decorations, not touching the key points of their writings.To attract the readers (and, as we ass recall, those are mostly males) attention they provide their main protagonist with huge eyes and breasts, enormously long legs and a tempting smile, but inside their heroines are as masculine as any male monster slayer with the huge gun is. Th us, changing the decorations for their stories, the authors evade the convictions in gender discrimination, in the same time attracting new waves of male readers who are yearning to read about the long-legged half-naked amazons fighting with the evil. Thus, the heroes of science fiction novels are mostly males to the marrow of their bones, and it doesnt depend of their physical sex.Science fiction literature usually describes conflict situations, like war, ethical, racial or cultural conflicts. The protagonists of the science fiction stories are always the people of action those who possess notable decision-making skills, and are able to actualize their choices immediately. If we analyze current researches in the field of gender psychology, a conclusion can be deduced that those qualities characterize mostly males, while women are considered to be more of the facilitators, peace makers. Stereotypical women air is characterized by irrationality, whichs doesnt belong to the features that characterize this genre.A considerable part of science fiction novels and stories are characterized by the external conflict between the protagonists of the story. Of course the existing external conflict in science fiction, like in some of the other genres, is often the reflection of the internal protagonists conflict, but in most science fiction stories this internal clash is moved on the minimize of the story.Most SF stories are written for the man to allow them to drift into the world, where power and mind is the key to solving all of the existing problems. The external conflict in the story is usually characterized by the considerable amount of power the opposing characters possess, for whether it is physical or mental. Power is the key to becoming a winner in the clash, whichs the only goal the masculine protagonists usually have in mind. Another gaze into the gender psychology study book provides us with the information that the necessity to prove ones transcendence b y becoming a winner in some conflict is also mainly male characteristic.Science fiction novels are usually the stories describing concrete situations, where the plat develops, and one up to nowt causes another. To cut the long story short, SF books are usually based on logical interpretation of the events. The causal consecutive ties there are usually very strong, thus there are usually little unfinished plot lines and the events that do not have any substantional meaning to the development of the plot of the story. All the technologies used in the story are scientifically validated, the principles of their operation are usually explained or understandable to the readers, in contradiction to the principles that stipulate the usage of magic in fantasy books.One of the reasons for which less women read science fiction than man do, is the lack of the elements of decoration that make the book alive in womens opinion. In the female literature the event that is described or the person that appeared may be introduced only in order to help the reader to purport the atmosphere of the setting described by the author.Only few of the science fiction novels hold such seemingly useless elements in them, while in all of the others all gun thats hanging on the wall is going to fire, and either person appearing, and every action been committed are the basis for some further development of the plot, as Justine Larbalestier proves in his research book The Battle of the Sexes in Science Fiction.Science fiction novels protagonists are also often characterized by their orientation on victory. Its a usual pattern of action for the SF heroes to fight the things they dont like or dont understand. They rarely seek for the round-abouts for reaching their goals, preferring the straight and habitual way of defeating and destroying the things that prevent them from getting the needed things.Such a way of solving the problems is also mostly male characteristic. For women the strategy would rather be to understand the enemy, to find the reasons for which hes opposing and try to get rid of them, preferably uniting their forces with the past rivals. Women tend to understand and not to fight, as destroying diverges with the basic female ideals, while creation is their field.But, as we can note, there are fewer science fiction novels that declare about the cooperation between the aliens and people, than of those, that describe the wars between the different races. In addition, most of the novels that actually describe that cooperation show it is based on the military, political or economic needs only. Actually, the situation with the aliens psycho type for lots of SF writers is the same as it is with gender appurtenant of the protagonists.The description of the aliens phenotype is called to create the impression in the consumers mind that humans in the story are contacting with the creatures totally different from them, but if the reader looks closer he begins to f eel himself pigeoned, as there are the same humans under the scary carnival masks.Unfortunately, only a small amount of the writers puts an effort to design the psycho type different from the humans one. Of course, most of them dont even need it, as its not necessary and is even ill to research the enemys psychology thoroughly, as it may summon sympathy or, whichs even worse, the desire to find the reasons for the antagonists inappropriate behavior. Psychologists prove this is typically masculine approach to problem-solving.Thats why only a few books describe cultural cooperation between the people and aliens. Human to human cooperation has been thoroughly researched and described, so its ineffective to create the human in masks type of aliens, while creating and calculative the psychology of the race much different from humans requires lots of time and effort.Science fiction got its image because of the numerous elements of scientific research and the results of progress that ch aracterize the books written in this genre. Science is the world of rationality, of the casual-consecutive bonds, where all the events have their reasons, and provoke certain consequences, the world where the miracle is unlikely, because it deprives that world of the reality it possesses. Introducing miracle in SF novel is the same as bringing the atomic bomb into the world of the faeries and dragons. If it is done without the proper skills only the excellent writers possess, those new elements split the authenticity of the imaginary world, making it look like a childs picture with the busted proportions.SF world is primordially opposite to the woman irrational view of the surrounding world, the place where the content is valued and the form is neglected.Most of the science fiction worlds demand their protagonist to belong to one of the two categories, either the warrior or the scientist, in order to survive in the surrounding society. Of course there are woman whose personality is of one of this two types, but for most of the females those roles are unfamiliar and unwanted.It sometimes happens in the SF that the woman have to command those roles despite of their desires or longings in order to survive, but most writers prefer to describe the beings that feel themselves comfortable in those two roles, as only than their heroes are capable of actualizing their hidden potential and unveil some of the inner qualities. Thus they prefer to write about males, who are naturally designed to play those roles.It is also important for the science fiction protagonist to be centered on the goals put earlier him by the gods, doom or just the consequences, and the science fiction writers know that man are much more suitable for this role than woman are. Realistic heroine will be distracted dozens of times a day from her high mission by the cute kitty mioving, new wrinkle appeared or the handsome man walking nearby.It is also worthy of mentioning that science fiction li terature rarely describes the societies where the humans individuality is valued. For most of the heroes their surroundings are not valued for their personal qualities, but for the things they can do, thus the notion of personality is often replaced by the notion of function in the mind of the protagonist of the SF novel. This also belongs to the typical masculine qualities, described by the gender psychologists.Te contemporary world becomes more and more feminine with each passing year, and the science fiction is often used to , distract the males attention from this fact. Using the example of Terminator 2, Amanda Fernbach in her article The Fetishization of Masculinity in Science Fiction The Cyborg and the Console Cowboy says that Ordinary masculinity lacks, and the technological Terminator represents a fetishized, idealized masculinity that is a desirable alternative.In Terminator 2, the Terminator represents an idealized phallic masculinity heavily dependent upon technofetishes to screen off the anxieties of the male spectator faced with the prospect of a future vision of castrated masculinity. Although he learns to make jokes, the Terminator admits he could never cry. He becomes more human in every way except those that display weakness or vulnerability.Thus we can make a conclusion that science fiction is a genre designed specially for man in order to solve some of their psychological problems and satisfy some of their needs. SF is designed for man and about them, at least most of the examples are.ReferencesFernbach, A 2000, The Fetishization of Masculinity in Science Fiction The Cyborg and the Console Cowboy. Science Fiction Studies, Volume 27, component part 2Fowler. K 1999, Themes/Genres in Science Fiction An idiosyncratic and woefully incomplete list. Ramaro College of New-Jersey. Viewed 11 May, 2005. http//orion.ramapo.edu/kfowler/sfthemes.html Larbalestier, J 2002, The Battle of the Sexes in Science Fiction. Wesleyan University PressScience ficti on. Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia. Viewed 11 May, 2005 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_fictionScience fictions use of Utopian and Dystopian visions of the future in relation to challenging boundaries of gender and / or sexuality. 2002, Viewed 11 May, 2005 http//www.corneredangel.com/amwess/papers/sf_gits_esca.doc.Summers. C (ed) 2004, The Queer Encyclopedia of the Visual Arts. Cleis Press.

“Alien World” Essay

Zaitchik is a freelance journalist who is affiliated with Poverty Law, a U.S. organization that subscribe tos ethnic and racial tolerance. Zaitchiks oblige attempts to convey the idea that Mexicos economy is forcing batch to take desperate measures in order to survive. He uses his carry out with a evade get over model as a way to lure the commentator into the article. Zaitchik then proceeds to use statistical tell to enlighten the reader about Mexicos economic dependency on migrant workers. Zaitchik travelled to Mexico to win about and participate in the take a hop go through simulation. He effectively uses his experience with the border crossing simulation, its participants, the Otomi people and his experience of the Mexi scum bag economy to effectively present his argument.Zaitchiks personal experience and knowledge of the Otomis plight supplement his argument. He provides a series of facts and anecdotal evidence to show the military issue of a border crossing simula tion in Mezquital Valley as a prelude to a bigger problem, Mexicos economic dependency on migrant workers. Zaitchik states that the Otomi, the indigenous people of Mezquital Valley, lost 90% of their working class to migrant workers (258). M any(prenominal) of the Otomi migrant workers make the trip north to work seasonally, alone many atomic number 18 unable or un provideing to re offer (259). The authors use of these facts establishes that the Otomi were leave with a population that would not be able to sustain their local culture or the conjunctions economy.This forced the remaining population to tap into a new form of ecotourism by scratch line the border crossing simulation. Zaitchiks simulation shows how illegal immigrants face a great number of challenges as they attempt to enter through a foreign countrys borders. Each participant has salaried $125 for two days camping and a midnight border crossing experience in aboriginal Mexico. The staged run, 700 miles from the a ctual U.S. border, covers a bruising adventure course that winds through the valley of Alberto Eco Park. Zaitchik says, It all adds up to the worlds most elaborating simulation of the Mexican migrant experience (259). His knowledge of the border crossingsimulation reinforces how the Otomi were forced to adapt or face extinction.One of those who left and returned is Laura Basuado a fresh faced- 27- year- centenarian park employee who crossed the border when she was 17. She states, The night walk is not regular 1 percent of what its really like. Her own journey to the U.S. involved a four-day walk through the sonoran desert. This comparison serves to further finish up that there is a gap between the middle class and the poor, emphasizing that the participants do not attend this experience as an act of unifying the Mexican people. After luring the reader with the Otomis plight and experience on the simulation, Zaitchiks asserts that the Mexican government tolerates and even encoura ges the trip up north. He gives the following as the reason, Mexicans living in the U.S. send more than $25 billion dollars in annual remittances to their relatives south of the border (262).$25 billion dollars is a substation amount of money for any government to give up allow foringly without having a means of replacing the income. The cotton industry in west Texas fears that there will be a struggle in finding field workers if the border is closed. Other regions of the country that depend on agricultural workers to pick their product in time for the market would besides be affected. (ODonnell 26). It has been proven that it is highly important for the agriculture business to have passable migrant workers to work the fields and in turn provide an economic impact to the region. Agricultures need for Mexican workers is very large, but it is also a seasonal job which sometimes will cause the migrant worker to move from the West Coast to Texas, or other agricultural states. This k ind of migration is seen less and less since some states have been enforcing or enacting their own immigration laws which prevent most illegal immigrants from going and providing an economic impact to the region.Ask any struggling Mexican if U.S. plans for a high-tech border fence will stop the flow, and he will tell you the idea is fanciful, that you cannot deter the desperate. If you build a wall, they will build taller ladders and dig deeper tunnels, says Del Plan. If the entire border becomes clogged with armed guards, they will take boats, as the Cubans and Haitians do. Indeed, this shift is already happening (262). As you can see ODonnell and Zaitchik agree that the agriculture businesses require the migrant workers, and that increased border security will not deter illegal immigration. According to the Pew Research Hispanic Center, (Young) there is no utmost zero migrationfrom Mexico to the U.S. for the first time in decades. Increased border patrol, stricter laws in the U.S ., rising smuggling fees, ferocity in the desert and the struggling U.S. economy are keeping more Mexicans at home and even have some people returning to Mexico from the U.S. Therefore, The media sees we are move to build understanding and create jobs, and they support us says, Eduardo Del Plan, a park employee who scripts much of the simulation based on his own multiple trips crosswise the border.Therefore, Zaitchik states that we have become an example of an indigenous community standing on its own feet, trying to stop the bleeding to the north (262). (Maribel Garcia from HERE AND NOW) says its difficult to show how effective the night walks are for our visitors, but as the parks tourist offerings are expanding, and the number of visitors slowly growing, she says that the walks will generate enough income to encourage more of the communitys residents to stay put. However, Bausado eventually found her way to Minnesota, where she stayed four months out front deciding shed rather be poor and jobless in Mexico than poor and marginally employed in the U.S., living in constant dread of arrest or deportation (260). Zaitchiks article attempts to convey the idea that Mexicos economy is forcing people to take desperate measures in order to survive. He uses his experience with a border crossing simulation as a way to draw the reader into the article. Zaitchik then proceeds to use statistical evidence to enlighten the reader about Mexicos economic dependency on migrant workers. Overall Zaitchik experienced a memorable border crossing adventure. model CitedFrom http//www.usatoday.com.Hanson,H.G. and Council on Foreign Affairs. The economic logic of illegal immigration. USA Council on Foreign Relations, 2007.From http//hereandnow.wbur.org fake-border-crossingHere & today with Robin Young and Irina Zhorov